The relationship between humans and pets is deep and affectionate, so much so that many owners choose to share not only their home but also their bed with their dog or cat. But what are the real effects of this habit on sleep quality and overall health? Scientific research offers interesting answers, highlighting both advantages and possible critical issues.
The benefits of sleeping with a pet
Greater sense of security and reduction of stress
One of the main advantages of sleeping with a pet is the feeling of safety and tranquility that can come from it. According to the study by Karen M. Allen, Jim Blascovich, and Wendy B. Mendes (2002), the mere presence of a dog can reduce cortisol levels (the stress hormone) and increase those of oxytocin, the well-being hormone. This calming effect could be particularly helpful for those suffering from anxiety or chronic stress.
Improvement of mood and psychological well-being
According to research by Harold Herzog (2011), interaction with pets is associated with an overall improvement in psychological well-being. Physical contact with one's pet, even during sleep, can stimulate the release of endorphins and oxytocin, helping to reduce anxiety and depression.
Positive effects on sleep in women
A study conducted by Christy L. Hoffman, Kaylee A. Stutz, and Terrie Vasilopoulos (2018) analyzed the impact of having pets in bed on women's sleep habits. The results showed that women who sleep with a dog tend to perceive their sleep as more restful compared to those who sleep with a cat or another human. This may be due to the more predictable and stable nature of dogs' sleep compared to cats, which tend to be more active at night.
The risks of sleeping with a pet
Sleep disorders and quality of rest
Although some owners find comfort in the presence of their pet, others may experience sleep disturbances. Pets, especially cats, tend to move around at night, inadvertently waking their owner. According to the study by Hoffman et al. (2018), while dogs promote a more stable sleep, the presence of a cat in the bed has often been associated with more fragmented sleep.
Allergies and respiratory problems
Sleeping with a pet may not be the best choice for those who suffer from allergies. The research by Erika Friedmann, Nancy E. Thomas, and Sue Son H. Cook (2015) highlights that continuous exposure to pet hair, dander, and saliva can worsen conditions such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, close contact with the pet's fur during sleep can increase the likelihood of allergic reactions over time.
Risk of transmission of infections
Another aspect to consider is the possibility of contracting zoonotic infections. Pets, even when well cared for, can carry bacteria or parasites that, in rare cases, could be transmitted to humans. This is particularly relevant for people with a compromised immune system. Although the risk is relatively low, it is always advisable to maintain proper hygiene for the animal and to regularly change the bedding.
Conclusion: is it a good idea to sleep with your pet?
The decision to share the bed with a pet depends on several factors, including the owner's health conditions, the animal's behavior, and personal preferences. If the presence of one's dog or cat promotes relaxation and improves sleep quality, it could be a beneficial choice. However, for those who suffer from sleep disorders, allergies, or are particularly sensitive to nighttime movements, it may be more appropriate to have the animal sleep in another part of the room or in a separate bed.
Ultimately, as the cited research shows, sleeping with a pet can have both positive and negative effects. The key is to find the right balance between emotional comfort and physiological needs, in order to ensure quality sleep for both.
Sources:
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'The impact of pets on human health and psychological well-being: Fact, fiction, or hypothesis?' by Harold Herzog (2011)
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"The effect of the presence of a dog on human cardiovascular responses and behavioral distress during mild stress" by Karen M. Allen, Jim Blascovich, and Wendy B. Mendes (2002)
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"The effect of human-animal interaction on oxytocin and cortisol levels of residents in a continuing care retirement community" by Erika Friedmann, Nancy E. Thomas, and Sue Son H. Cook (2015)
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"The effect of a therapy dog on the communication skills of an adult with aphasia" by Nancy E. George, Erika Friedmann, and Sue Son H. Cook (2010)
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"An examination of adult women's sleep quality and sleep routines in relation to pet ownership and bedsharing" by Christy L. Hoffman, Kaylee A. Stutz, and Terrie Vasilopoulos (2018)
